What is state management? Explain Session and Cookie state with suitable example.

"State management is the process by which you maintain state and page information over multiple requests for the same or different pages. "

Cookies State  :–

                 Cookies store a value in the user's browser that the browser sends with every page request to the same server. Cookies are the best way to store state data that must be available for multiple Web pages on a web site. Web applications can store small pieces of data in the client's Web browser by using cookies. A cookie is a small amount of data that is stored either in a text file on the client file system (if the cookie is persistent) or in memory in the client browser session (if the cookie is temporary). The most common use of cookies is to identify a single user as he or she visits multiple Web pages.

Create a cookie -> add a value to the Response.Cookies HttpCookieCollection.
Read a cookie -> read values in Request.Cookies.

Example:

// Check if cookie exists, and display it if it does
if (Request.Cookies["lastVisit"] != null) // Encode the cookie in case the cookie contains client-side script Label1.Text = Server.HtmlEncode(Request.Cookies["lastVisit"].Value);
else Label1.Text = "No value defined";
// Define the cookie for the next visit Response.Cookies["lastVisit"].Value = DateTime.Now.ToString();Response.Cookies["lastVisit"].Expires = DateTime.Now.AddDays(1);


Session State  :-

                ASP.NET allows you to save values using session state, a storage mechanism that is accessible from all pages requested by a single Web browser session. Therefore, you can use session state to store user-specific information. Session state is similar to application state, except that it is scoped to the current browser session. If different users are using your application, each user session has a different session state. In addition, if a user leaves your application and then returns later after the session timeout period, session state information is lost and a new session is created for the user. Session state is stored in the Session key/value dictionary.

ASP.NET session state supports several different storage options for session data:

a. InProc Stores session state in memory on the Web server. This is the default, and it offers much better performance than using the ASP.NET state service or storing state information in a database server. InProc is fine for simple applications.

b. StateServer Stores session state in a service called the ASP.NET State Service. this ansure that it use another web server to store the session data of each user .

c. SQLServer Stores session state in a SQL Server database. This ensures that first we create the table in database for storing the session in the database then give the connection to the database with web server and store the session on to the SQL server.

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